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我国是世界上第一个研究成功并将杂交水稻技术应用于生产的国家。自1976年开始到1987年,其种植面积增长百倍以上,达到1100万公顷。到1990年达到近1600万公顷的高峰。由于后来的农业产业结构和粮食政策的调整,从1991年至今,经过了一个徘徊阶段,总面积有所减少,但在全部水稻面积中的比例没有减少,一直保持在65%左右。从1988到2003年,全国每年种植面积在6.7万公顷以上的组合由41个增加到了243个;每年种植面积在670万公顷以上的组合逐年减少,排序也有变化。由于新组合越来越多,竞争激烈,今后可能不再有这种“一统天下”的组合。大量配合力好、米质优、抗性强的不育系、恢复系的问世,加上其它技术和政策的支持,我国杂交水稻可望持续发展,为我国的粮食安全做出更大贡献。
Our country is the first country in the world to study successfully and apply hybrid rice technology to production. From 1976 to 1987, its acreage increased more than 100-fold to 11 million hectares. By 1990 it reached a peak of nearly 16 million hectares. Due to the subsequent adjustment of agricultural industrial structure and food policy, from 1991 to the present, after a period of hovering and a decrease in the total area, the proportion of the entire rice area has not decreased and remained at about 65%. From 1988 to 2003, the total number of planted areas above 67,000 hectares per year in the country increased from 41 to 243; the annual planted area of more than 6.7 million hectares has been decreasing year by year, and the rankings have also changed. As a result of more and more new combinations and fierce competition, there may no longer be such a combination of “unifying the world” in the future. With a large number of well-matched, high quality and resistant CMSs and restorers, coupled with the support of other technologies and policies, the hybrid rice in China is expected to continue its development and make greater contributions to China’s food security.