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青霉素过敏所产生的临床症状群变异很大。其速发性反应表现有过敏性休克、血管性水肿、荨麻疹及某些斑丘疹等;迟发性反应包括有免疫学基础较为明确与不太明确的两类症状,前者诸如血清样反应、溶血性贫血与急性间质性肾炎。后者有中性粒细胞减少及氨苄青霉素引起的癍丘疹等。速发性反应由IgE介导;迟发性反应多与IgG有关,至少可以说有些迟发性反应例如血清样反应与溶血反应有IgG参与。青霉素过敏准确的发生率尚无从得知。根据不同研究,估计为1～10％;其中过敏性休克大约每10,000名用药者发生1～5例。致死性过敏性休克则极为少见,但有人认为美国每年因此而死亡者有400～
Penicillin allergy produced by clinical symptoms varied widely. Its immediate reaction manifestations include anaphylactic shock, angioedema, urticaria and some rash; delayed response includes immunology based on the more clear and not clear two types of symptoms, the former such as serum-like reaction, Hemolytic anemia and acute interstitial nephritis. The latter has neutropenia and ampicillin caused pimples and other rash. Prompt response to IgE mediated; delayed reaction and IgG-related, at least we can say that some delayed reactions such as serum-like reaction and hemolytic reaction IgG. The exact incidence of penicillin allergy is unknown. Based on different studies, it is estimated that 1 to 10%; of which anaphylactic shock occurs about 1 to 5 cases per 10,000 drug users. Fatal anaphylactic shock is extremely rare, but some people think that there are 400 ~