目的　探讨原发性肾病综合征 (NS)合并尿路感染的病原和药敏特点 ,为临床诊治提供参考。方法　收集 2 63例 (3 0 9例次 )NS患儿的临床和中段尿培养资料 ,对其中尿培养获阳性结果的 3 3例 (3 7例次 )患儿资料进行分析。结果　 3 7株病原菌均为机会菌 ,除 1株外均为革兰阴性杆菌。多重耐药普遍 ,有 3株属超广谱β内酰胺酶细菌。在所有革兰阴性杆菌中以亚胺硫霉素敏感性最好。其次为第 3代头孢 ,丁胺卡那霉素和第 2、3代喹诺酮类药物 ;而青霉素类敏感性均不高。结论　建议对NS合并尿路感染患儿做中段尿培养。根据病原学检查和药敏结果用药是最佳选择 Objective To investigate the pathogeny and drug sensitivity of primary nephrotic syndrome (NS) associated with urinary tract infection and provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods Clinical and middle urine culture data of 263 children (399) with NS were collected. The data of 33 cases (37 cases) with positive urine culture were analyzed. The results of 3 7 pathogens are opportunistic bacteria, except one strain are Gram-negative bacilli. Multi-drug resistance is widespread, there are 3 strains of extended-spectrum β-lactamase bacteria. In all Gram-negative bacilli in thiecaseramycin the best sensitivity. Followed by the third generation of cephalosporins, amikacin and the second and third generation quinolone drugs; and penicillins are not sensitive. Conclusions It is suggested that mid-stage urinary culture should be performed in children with NS complicated with urinary tract infection. According to the etiological examination and drug susceptibility results medication is the best choice