前言 海岸为陆地和海洋的边界线。它既是陆地的前沿,同时又属于海洋的一部分。海岸区具有完全不同于内陆的特性。从空间上来看,它与海洋相邻,因此,可以开展渔业一类的经济活动。它还是大部分运输手段的一个过渡点,为沿海及远洋运输活动提供了空间,宜人的海洋性气候也具有吸引力。 Foreword The coast is the boundary line between land and sea. It is both land frontier and at the same time part of the ocean. Coastal areas have completely different characteristics from inland. It is spatially adjacent to the sea and, as a result, can carry out economic activities such as fisheries. It is also a transition point for most means of transport, providing space for coastal and ocean shipping activities, as well as a pleasant maritime climate.