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目的:探讨药源性精神异常不良反应发生特征和一般规律。方法:检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI-CHKD)近10年的有关药源性精神异常报道病例,进行统计分析。结果:药源性精神异常涉及药物73种,尤以抗菌类药特别是喹诺酮类药为最多,药源性精神异常好发于老年病人,出现较早,以兴奋为主要临床表现特征,呼吸系统疾病、感染、陈旧性心血管病、肾功能不全等基础原发病是诱发药源性精神异常的高危因素之一,一般预后良好。结论:加强对老年病人的用药监护,减少药源性精神异常的误诊,严格掌握药物的适应证、用法用量是保障病人用药安全的重要措施。
Objective: To investigate the characteristics and general rules of adverse reactions of drug-induced psychosis. Methods: The cases of drug-induced mental abnormalities reported in the Chinese Journal Full-text Database (CNKI-CHKD) for nearly 10 years were searched for statistical analysis. Results: Drug-induced mental disorders involved 73 kinds of drugs, especially antibacterial drugs, especially quinolones, drug-induced mental disorders occur in elderly patients, appeared earlier, the main clinical manifestations of excitement, the respiratory system Disease, infection, old cardiovascular disease, renal insufficiency and other basic primary disease is induced drug-induced mental disorders one of the risk factors, the general prognosis is good. Conclusion: To strengthen the care of elderly patients, reduce the misdiagnosis of drug-induced mental disorders, strict control of indications of drugs, usage and dosage is an important measure to ensure the safety of patients with medication.