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化学热力学中极强调公式成立的条件。一般来说,公式成立的条件应当就是公式导出过程中所用到的条件;公式也只有在满足导出条件的前提下才能被应用。然而,许多中外关于物理化学或化学热力学的著作中,对于“两相平衡时存在于两相的物质的化学位相等”这一结论,却普遍地存在着应用条件和导出条件不相一致的问题。大多数著作中对“相平衡时化学位相等”的推导是这样的:
Chemical thermodynamics very stressed the conditions for the establishment of the formula. In general, the conditions for formulating the formula should be the conditions used in the formula derivation process; the formula can only be applied if the derivation conditions are satisfied. However, many Chinese and foreign literatures on physicochemical or chemical thermodynamics generally present problems of inconsistent application conditions and derived conditions for the conclusion that “the chemical order of substances existing in two phases in two-phase equilibrium is equal” . In most works the derivation of equal chemical degrees at phase equilibrium is as follows: