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朝鲜停战后,中英两国的贸易联系逐渐恢复,引起了美国的恐慌和不满。从1955年到1957年,英美两国的分歧和冲突围绕着路虎汽车对华出口问题而展开。其间,美国从最开始的强硬态度一步一步转变为和解的立场,政策也历经了“拖延策略、过渡措施、中间路线、大幅度妥协”的转化。然而,这却未能避免对华贸易管制破产的结局。因此,本文将以“路虎事件”为线索、以美国政策措施的转变为主线,在利用美国解密文献的基础上,重点论述美国对中英贸易进行阻挠、破坏的历史进程。
After the armistice of North Korea, the trade ties between China and Britain gradually recovered, arousing the panic and dissatisfaction of the United States. From 1955 to 1957, the differences and conflicts between Britain and the United States revolved around the issue of Land Rover exports to China. In the meantime, the United States has gradually transformed itself from a hard-line attitude at the outset to a position of reconciliation. Its policy has also undergone a transformation of “delaying tactics, transitional measures, the middle way and making a substantial compromise.” However, this failed to prevent the outcome of trade control bankruptcy against China. Therefore, this article will take “Land Rover Incident ” as the clue and the transformation of the U.S. policy and measures as the main line. Based on the use of the US censorship documents, this article will focus on the historical process of the U.S. impeding and destroying Sino-British trade.