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[目的]研究高氯酸盐对大鼠免疫功能的影响,了解高氯酸盐的免疫毒性。[方法]将36只健康Wistar雌性大鼠(体重180~200 g)随机分成6组。高氯酸盐灌胃染毒,染毒剂量分别为4.50、22.00、110.00、560.00 mg/kg(以体重计,后同),以蒸馏水为阴性对照,环磷酰胺为阳性对照(腹腔注射)。每天1次,连续染毒5 d,染毒结束2 d后采集大鼠尾静脉血,称取动物体重、各脏器质量,计算脏器系数;采用试管法进行白细胞计数、白细胞分类计数;ELISA法测定T淋巴细胞亚群指标CD_4~+、CD_8~+分子浓度和细胞因子IFN-γ、IL-4和IL-10质量浓度,并计算CD_4~+/CD_8~+值。[结果]与阴性对照组相比,高氯酸盐染毒组(除4.50 mg/kg组外)大鼠的胸腺系数、脾脏系数降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01),其中560.00 mg/kg染毒组降低最明显;阳性对照组也出现降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。与阴性对照组相比,高氯酸盐染毒组的中性粒细胞比例在22.00 mg/kg染毒组开始增加,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);T淋巴细胞亚群指标CD_4~+分子浓度在110.00、560.00 mg/kg染毒组明显降低;细胞因子IL-4和IL-10从22.00 mg/kg高氯酸盐染毒组开始降低,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。[结论]高氯酸盐可对大鼠的免疫功能产生抑制作用。
[Objective] To investigate the effects of perchlorate on immune function in rats and to understand the immunotoxicity of perchlorate. [Methods] Thirty-six healthy Wistar female rats (weighing 180-200 g) were randomly divided into 6 groups. Perchlorate was intragastrically administered with doses of 4.50, 22.00, 110.00 and 560.00 mg / kg, respectively, by weight, the same as above, with distilled water as a negative control and cyclophosphamide as a positive control (intraperitoneal injection). The rats were sacrificed daily for 5 days, and the rats’ tail vein blood was collected 2 days after the end of the treatment. The animals were weighed and the organ weights were weighed to calculate the organ coefficient. The white blood cell count and white blood cell count The concentrations of CD_4 ~ +, CD_8 ~ + and cytokines IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 in T lymphocyte subsets were measured and the CD_4 ~ + / CD_8 ~ + values were calculated. [Results] Compared with the negative control group, the thymus coefficient and the spleen coefficient of the rats in the perchlorate-treated group (except the 4.50 mg / kg group) decreased, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05 or P <0.01) , Of which 560.00 mg / kg was the most obvious reduction in the exposure group; the positive control group also appeared to decrease, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Compared with the negative control group, the proportion of neutrophils in perchlorate group increased at the dose of 22.00 mg / kg, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01); The index of T lymphocyte subsets CD_4 ~ + Concentration of 110.00,560.00 mg / kg, the cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 decreased from 22.00 mg / kg perchlorate poisoning group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05 Or P <0.01). [Conclusion] Perchlorate can inhibit the immune function of rats.