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标志性的刑事案件、民意压力以及政治势力的鼓动和支持共同构成了西方国家刑罚民粹主义的三级结构,也是其基本运作模式。刑罚民粹主义缺乏明确的核心价值、漠视真实的犯罪状况,在方法论上无法自圆其说;背离刑法的基本理念、造成刑事立法活动的工具化、犯罪政策的简单化,偏离犯罪治理的客观规律,破坏性大于建设性。不过,它所蕴含的扩大立法共识基础、尊重民众在立法过程中的参与性等观念值得尊重。而其折射出的如何扩大民众在立法过程中的政治参与、平衡民意影响与立法精英化的关系更值得深入思索。
The landmark criminal cases, the pressures of public opinions and the encouragement and support of political forces jointly constitute the three-level structure of punitive populism in western countries and also their basic mode of operation. Penalty populism lack of clear core value, ignoring the actual state of crime, in the methodology can not be justified; deviate from the basic concepts of criminal law, resulting in criminal legislative activities of the tool, the simplification of criminal policy, deviation from the objective law of criminal governance, destructive More than constructive. However, the notion of expanding the basis of consensus on legislation and respecting the public’s participation in the legislative process is worthy of respect. And it is more worthy to think deeply about how to broaden people’s political participation during the legislative process and balance the influence of public opinions with the elitism of legislation.