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通过分析平面铲板对土壤切削的理论模型,研究平面铲板在90°切削倾角下对土壤的切削过程;为减小该切削倾角下的切削阻力,对平面铲板进行结构改进,在其刃缘加装6种不同长度的水平铲刀;以平面铲板和结构改进的L型铲板为切削工具,以级配土为试验对象,采用自行研制的拉拽式土壤切削试验装置进行土壤切削试验研究;通过对比分析发现,对铲板进行结构改进后,由于水平铲刀对土壤的剪切作用,使切削过程中的切削阻力显著减小;水平铲刀长度在不同切削深度下存在一个最优值,但切削深度较小时该值并不明显;最后,根据试验结果,对不同切削深度下水平铲刀的长度进行优选;采用优选值代替最优值,拟合出了水平铲刀长度随切削深度的变化曲线,并对加装水平铲刀导致切削阻力减小的内在机理进行分析。
By analyzing the theoretical model of the soil cutting by the plane shovel, the cutting process of the plane shovel plate at the cutting angle of 90 ° is studied. In order to reduce the cutting resistance under the cutting angle, the structure of the plane shovel plate is improved. Edge plus six different levels of horizontal blade; plane shovel plate and improved L-shaped shovel blade as a cutting tool to grading soil for the test object, the use of self-developed pull soil cutting test device for soil cutting Through the comparative analysis, it is found through comparative analysis that after the structural improvement of the blade, the cutting resistance of the cutting blade during the cutting process is significantly reduced due to the shearing action of the horizontal blade on the soil. The length of the horizontal blade has a maximum at different cutting depths But the value is not obvious when the depth of cut is small. Finally, according to the test results, the length of horizontal blade under different cutting depth is optimized, and the optimal value is used instead of the optimal value to fit the horizontal blade length Cutting depth of the curve, and the installation of horizontal blade cutting resistance led to reduce the internal mechanism for analysis.