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庆大霉素是一种肾毒性抗生素,已知损害近曲小管。后者为胰岛素、生长激素、轻链、胰淀粉酶和β_2微球蛋白(β_2-Microglobulin,β_2MG)等低分子量蛋白质(LMWP)重吸收和分解代谢的部位。人体β_2MG是一种同HLA系统(MW=11,800)相关的LMWP,存在于血清和尿中,可自由地通过肾小球毛细血管膜,在近曲小管再吸收和分解代谢,肌酐廓清和肾小管机能正常者尿内浓度相当低。几种以肾近曲小管机能失调为特征的疾患,像胱氨酸病,镉中毒,Willson
Gentamicin is a nephrotoxic antibiotic that is known to damage proximal convoluted tubules. The latter is the site of reabsorption and catabolism of low molecular weight proteins (LMWP) such as insulin, growth hormone, light chain, pancreatic amylase and β_2-microglobulin (β_2-Microglobulin, β_2MG). Human β_2MG is a type of LMWP associated with the HLA system (MW = 11,800), present in serum and urine, freely translocated through the glomerular capillary membrane, reabsorbed and catabolized in the proximal tubule, cleared of creatinine and tubular Normal function of urinary concentrations are quite low. Several disorders characterized by renal proximal tubule dysfunction, such as cystine disease, cadmium poisoning, Willson