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【目的】探讨高浓度CO2对切花菊的瓶插品质、生理生化及结构特征的影响,为高浓度CO2在切花菊乃至其它种类切花保鲜上的应用提供理论依据。【方法】以切花菊品种‘四季黄’切花为材料,瓶插去离子水中后分别置于380(对照)和760(高浓度CO2)μmol·mol-1条件下,利用光合测定、石蜡切片、透射电子显微镜技术及其它一些生理手段,定期研究高浓度CO2对切花保鲜效果、生理及结构特征的影响。【结果】与对照相比,高浓度CO2增加了花枝鲜重,增大了花朵开放直径,延缓了切花菊的衰老进程,延长了瓶插寿命。此外,高浓度CO2提高了切花菊的光合速率、叶绿素和可溶性糖的含量及超氧物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)的活性,降低了丙二醛(MDA)的含量。最后,高浓度CO2减缓了叶片和花瓣细胞的降解。【结论】高浓度CO2可能直接通过提高光合速率及碳水化合物含量来间接提高SOD和POD活性而延缓细胞降解,最终延长了切花瓶插寿命。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of high concentration of CO2 on the quality, physiological and biochemical characteristics of cut chrysanthemum and provide the theoretical basis for the application of high concentration of CO2 in cut chrysanthemum and other fresh cut flowers. 【Method】 Cut chrysanthemum variety ’Siji Huang’ cut flowers were cut into deionized water and placed in the conditions of 380 (control) and 760 (high concentration CO2) μmol · mol-1 respectively. The photosynthesis, paraffin sections, Transmission electron microscopy and other physiological means to periodically study the effect of high concentration of CO2 on the preservation effect, physiological and structural characteristics of cut flowers. 【Result】 Compared with the control, high concentrations of CO2 increased the fresh weight of flowering branches, increased the opening diameter of flowers, delayed the aging process of cut chrysanthemum, and prolonged the life of vase. In addition, high concentration of CO2 increased the photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll and soluble sugar content and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in cut chrysanthemum, and decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Finally, high concentrations of CO2 slowed the degradation of leaf and petal cells. 【Conclusion】 High concentration of CO2 may delay the cell degradation by indirectly increasing the activity of SOD and POD directly by increasing photosynthesis rate and carbohydrate content, finally prolonging the life of cut vase.