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本文作者认为中世纪西欧城市对农村形成过两次冲击高潮。第一次高潮是13、14世纪城市商品经济关系深入农村,促使农奴制、庄园制等封建关系的解体。本文重点考察了第二次冲击,即15至16世纪城市人口和城市资本向农村的转移,认为这种转移对于西欧资本主义的初期发展,对于各国家各地区社会经济发展逐渐走上不同道路,均产生了深刻的影响。
The author of this article argues that the medieval West European cities formed two impact climaxes on the countryside. The first climax was the deepening rural commodity economy relations in the 13th and 14th centuries, which prompted the dissolution of feudal relations such as serfdom and manor system. This paper focuses on the second shock, that is, the transfer of urban population and urban capital from the 15th to 16th centuries to the countryside. It is believed that such a shift has initially taken a different approach to the initial development of capitalism in Western Europe and to the social and economic development in various regions and countries. Have had a profound impact.