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对凝固过程中的非平衡问题,作了简要的讨论,并对非平衡态热力学在凝固过程中的应用作了介绍。凝固过程的非平衡性,决定了其溶质分凝和界面形态的选择。不同的凝固条件将获得不同的溶质分凝状况,凝固条件的变化又会使晶体的凝固过程随着凝固速率的增加经历从平面凝固向胞状晶、枝晶最终超高速平面凝固过程的转变。
The non-equilibrium problem in the solidification process is briefly discussed, and the application of the non-equilibrium thermodynamics in the solidification process is introduced. The non-equilibrium of the solidification process determines the choice of solute segregation and interface morphology. Different solidification conditions will result in different solute segregation conditions. The change of solidification conditions will cause the solidification process of the crystal to undergo the transition from plane solidification to the final ultra-high speed planar solidification of the dendrite and the dendrite as the solidification rate increases.