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岩石,从物理力学性质上讲,是属于一种非均质各向异性的固体介质。岩石力学性质主要有两个方面,即岩石的的力学强度和岩石的变形特征。有关一些参数均由实验室或现场岩体试验来求算。在实验室内,把现场取回的岩石样品加工成各种形状的岩石试件,应用材料试验机或其他设备进行加载试验,从而求出岩石的各类强度指标(抗压、抗拉、抗剪等等)和变形参数(弹性模量、泊桑比等等)。在这些试验中,岩石试件都是处于单向拉伸或压缩的简单应力状态,
Rock, in terms of physical and mechanical properties, belongs to a heterogeneous anisotropic solid medium. Rock mechanical properties are mainly two aspects, namely, the mechanical strength of rock and rock deformation characteristics. Some parameters related to the laboratory or field rock test to calculate. In the laboratory, the rock samples retrieved from the field are processed into rock specimens of various shapes and loaded with materials testing machines or other equipment to obtain various rock strength indexes (compressive strength, tensile strength, tensile strength Shear, etc.) and deformation parameters (modulus of elasticity, Poisson’s ratio, etc.). In these tests, the rock specimens were all in a simple stress state of uniaxial tension or compression,