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心力衰竭(Heart failure)系指由于心脏功能异常不能泵出足够血液以满足组织代谢需要的病理生理学状态。常常是由于心肌衰竭(myocardial failure),即心肌纤维收缩功能 障碍所引起,但并非总是如此,在有些情况下,负荷过重超过了心脏的能力,或者是心脏的充盈受到影响,如三尖瓣狭窄、狭窄性心包炎等,也可以引起心力衰竭。 一、血液动力学变化及代偿机制: 充血性心衰时的血液动力学异常是由收缩期射血动能障碍及舒张期心腔充盈阻力增高所构成。在该情况下,心脏主要依赖于三个方面的代偿机制以维持其泵出功能:
Heart failure refers to the pathophysiological state in which sufficient blood can not be pumped due to abnormal cardiac function to meet the metabolic needs of the tissue. Often caused by myocardial failure, which is caused by myocardial fibrillation dysfunction, this is not always the case, in some cases overloading the heart excessively, or affecting the filling of the heart, such as tricuspid Stenosis, stenotic pericarditis, etc., can also cause heart failure. First, changes in hemodynamics and compensatory mechanism: hemodynamic abnormalities when congestive heart failure is caused by systolic ejection ejection dyskinesia and diastolic filling of the heart chamber increased resistance posed. In this case, the heart relies heavily on three compensatory mechanisms to maintain its pumping function: