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目的促进肺结核登记报告,提高病人发现率。方法根据新发涂阳登记率,采用分层单纯随机抽样方法在山东省确定6个县作为调查点。采取积极的干预措施,进行广泛深入的宣教,并在采取措施前后对健康人群、肺结核病人及综合医院进行调查、对比。结果通过采取措施,有症状主动到结核病防治所就诊者,由干预前的2.9%增加到干预后的27.0%;综合医院收住肺结核由0.30%下降到0.14%,漏报率由28.2%下降到15.9%。1995年新发涂阳登记率为13.45/10万,较干预前1994年的11.94/10万有明显提高(P<0.01)。采取干预措施后的4年(1994～1997)登记的新发涂阳病人,比干预前的4年(1990～1993)增加43.4%(2940/2050)。结论加强宣教,强调依法归口管理、综合医院建立胸透登记、转诊,可以有效地提高新发涂阳病人发现率。
Objective To promote the report of tuberculosis registration and improve the detection rate of patients. Methods According to the registration rate of newly established smear, stratified simple random sampling method was used to determine 6 counties in Shandong Province as the investigation points. Take active interventions, carry out extensive and in-depth mission education, and investigate and compare healthy people, tuberculosis patients and general hospitals before and after taking measures. Results By taking measures, the number of patients who had symptoms who came to the TB prevention and treatment station increased from 2.9% before intervention to 27.0% after intervention. In general hospitals, the rate of receiving TB dropped from 0.30% to 0.14%, and the false negative rate dropped from 28.2% to 15.9%. The new registration rate of smear was 13.45 / lakh in 1995, which was significantly higher than 11.94 / lakh in 1994 before intervention (P <0.01). New smear-positive patients registered for 4 years (1994-1997) after interventions increased by 43.4% (2940/2050) from the pre-intervention 4 years (1990-1993). Conclusions Strengthen the mission, emphasize the centralized management according to law, the establishment of a comprehensive hospital thoracic registration, referral, can effectively increase the detection rate of new smear-positive patients.