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前言 肾病综合征的定义为大量蛋白尿,低蛋白血症,伴有不同程度的水肿和高脂血症。1973年“日本成人肾病综合征研究”提出了下列肾病综合征的诊断标准:(1)每天尿蛋白排出量大于3.5g,至少2～5天;(2)血清总蛋白和白蛋白下降,分别低于6.0和3.0g/dl;(3)血清总胆固醇浓度升高,大于250g/dl;(4)水肿。其中,蛋白尿和低白蛋白血症为诊断的必备条件,而水肿和高脂血症则可有可无。此外,尿标本中发现卵圆或双折光脂防体有助于诊断。
Preface Nephrotic syndrome is defined as a large amount of proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, accompanied by varying degrees of edema and hyperlipidemia. The 1973 Japanese Nephrotic Syndrome Research proposed the following diagnostic criteria for nephrotic syndrome: (1) urinary protein excretion greater than 3.5 g per day for at least 2 to 5 days; (2) decreased serum total protein and albumin, respectively Lower than 6.0 and 3.0g / dl; (3) serum total cholesterol concentration increased, greater than 250g / dl; (4) edema. Among them, proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia are prerequisites for diagnosis, whereas edema and hyperlipidemia are dispensable. In addition, the discovery of oval or birefringence in urine samples helps to diagnose.