“一带一路”是目前中国最高的国家级顶层战略,与第二次世界大战后美国在欧洲推行的“马歇尔计划”具有相似点,但两者却存在根本差异。“一带一路”是中国实施的发展型战略,马歇尔计划是美国主导的控制型战略;“一带一路”弘扬平等互利、追求共同发展,马歇尔计划则实行单向输出、强加于人;“一带一路”的主导方中国需要利用中华文化的影响力打破美国的文化帝国主义以及美国通过普世价值的文化产品进行的意识形态输出,马歇尔计划的实施方美国则需要占据二战后西欧社会因迷茫而产生的文化真空。“一带一路”是中国与沿线各国以项目盈利为合作的延续条件,双方互有投资往来,达到互利共赢;马歇尔计划则是美国的单向援助,不考虑成本回收,捆绑美国的商品销售,实现国内市场的过剩产能导入,同时促进西欧经济复苏。由二者的比较分析得出的启示为“基础设施建设为翼,经济互惠互利为体,中华文化认同为核”。 “The Belt and Road” is currently China’s top national top strategy, similar to the “Marshall Plan” pursued by the United States in Europe after the Second World War, but there is a fundamental difference between the two. “The Belt and Road” is a development-oriented strategy implemented by China. The Marshall Plan is a domination-controlled strategy led by the United States. “The Belt and Road” carries forward equality and mutual benefit and pursues common development. The Marshall Plan imposes one- Leading party for the Belt and Road China needs to use the influence of Chinese culture to break the cultural ideology output of the United States through cultural imperialism in the United States and the United States through cultural products of universal value. The implementation of the Marshall Plan by the United States needs to occupy the post-World War II Western Europe The cultural vacuum created by the confusion of society. “Belt and Road” is the continuation of the cooperation between China and other countries along the lines of the project profitability. Both sides make mutual investment and achieve mutual benefits and win-win results. The Marshall Plan is a one-way U.S. aid that does not consider cost recovery and bundles U.S. commodities Sales, to achieve the introduction of excess capacity in the domestic market, while promoting economic recovery in Western Europe. The enlightenment derived from the comparative analysis of the two is that “infrastructure construction is a wing, the economy is based on mutual benefits and the Chinese culture is nuclear.”