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目的:分析药用植物华南忍冬5个居群的遗传多样性和分化程度。方法:应用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)技术扩增可分析位点。结果:10条随机引物扩增出100个可分析位点,多态位点百分率(PPL)为87.00%。经POPGENE分析发现,华南忍冬居群平均水平的多态位点百分率为58.86%,Ne i′s基因多样性(H)为0.2647,Shannon′s信息指数(I)为0.4022,具有较高水平的遗传多样性。居群间遗传分化程度较高(Gst=0.3839);地理距离与遗传距离之间具有显著相关性(r=0.8504,P=96.80%),表明地理隔离效应是导致居群间遗传分化的重要因素。根据遗传距离(POPGENE软件)和遗传相似系数(NTSYS-pc软件)的UPGMA聚类分析,罗浮山居群(LFS)和新兴居群(XX)先聚在一起,再与南宁居群(NN)聚成一类,而徐闻居群(XW)和海口居群(HK)聚成另一类。结论:基于华南忍冬的物种保护与资源利用,建议加强现有自然居群的就地保护,促进居群的自然更新;建立种质资源库,从中选育优良品系用于药材的规范化种植。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the genetic diversity and differentiation of five populations of medicinal plants, Lonicera japonica in southern China. Methods: Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) techniques were used to amplify sites. RESULTS: Ten random primers amplified 100 analyzable sites with a polymorphic site percentage (PPL) of 87.00%. The POPGENE analysis found that the average percentage of polymorphic loci in southern China population was 58.86%, Nei’s gene diversity (H) was 0.2647, and Shannon’s information index (I) was 0.4022, with a high level. Genetic diversity. The genetic differentiation among populations was high (Gst=0.3839); there was a significant correlation between geographic distance and genetic distance (r=0.8504, P=96.80%), indicating that geographical isolation was an important factor leading to genetic differentiation among populations. . Based on the UPGMA cluster analysis of genetic distance (POPGENE software) and genetic similarity coefficient (NTSYS-pc software), Luofu Mountain Population (LFS) and Emerging Population (XX) converged first, and then with Nanning Population (NN). In one category, Xu Wenju (XW) and Haikou Population (HK) are clustered into another category. Conclusion: Based on species conservation and resource utilization in southern China, it is suggested that in-situ conservation of existing natural populations should be strengthened and natural renewal of populations should be promoted; a germplasm resource bank should be established and excellent strains should be selected for standardized planting of medicinal materials.