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目的了解2016年省级急性弛缓性麻痹(Acute flaccid paralysis,AFP)监测人员对脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)疫苗免疫策略转换的认知度。方法抽取全国(未包括香港、澳门特别行政区和台湾地区)31个省(自治区、直辖市)64名省级AFP监测人员进行问卷调查,对数据进行描述性流行病学分析。结果调查对象对全球脊灰野病毒流行类型、脊灰新疫苗及程序、脊灰实验室方面内容的认知度分别为35.94%(23/64)、88.28%(113/128)、93.75%(180/192)。84.38%(56/64)的调查对象认为新脊灰疫苗和免疫程序对接种率有影响,原因为疫苗供应不足、不信任疫苗接种、引入二价脊灰减毒活疫苗(Bivalent oral attenuated poliovirus vaccine,bOPV)、引入国产脊灰灭活疫苗(Inactivated polio vaccine,IPV)、公众疑虑等。调查对象认为单例疫苗衍生脊灰病毒(Vaccine-derived poliovirus,VDPV)检出风险较高,循环VDPV(Circulating VDPV,cVDPV)检出风险较低;78.88%(46/64)的调查对象认为在脊灰疫苗免疫策略转换后需更加重视Ⅱ型免疫缺陷者VDPV(Immunodeficient VDPV,iVDPV)。结论 AFP监测人员对脊灰疫苗免疫策略转换的认知度较低,对引入IPV的意义认识不足,应加强对AFP监测人员的培训,以促进策略的顺利实施。
Objective To understand the awareness of 2016 provincial Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) monitor on the transition of immunization strategy of poliomyelitis (polio) vaccine. Methods A total of 64 provincial AFP monitors from 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government), excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, were surveyed to conduct a descriptive epidemiological analysis. Results The respondents were 35.94% (23/64), 88.28% (113/128) and 93.75% (180) respectively about the global genotype of poliovirus, new polio vaccine and program of polio, and polio laboratory / 192). 84.38% (56/64) of the respondents considered that the new poliovirus vaccine and immunization program had an impact on the vaccination rate due to insufficient vaccine supply, lack of trust in vaccination, introduction of the bivalent oral attenuated poliovirus vaccine , bOPV), the introduction of domestic polio vaccine (Inactivated polio vaccine, IPV), public concerns and so on. The respondents considered that the risk of detecting VVC was high, and the risk of recurrent VDPV (cVDPV) was low. 78.88% (46/64) Polio vaccine need to pay more attention to VDPV (Immunodeficient VDPV, iVDPV). Conclusion AFP monitors have a low awareness of poliovirus immunization strategy conversion and lack of understanding of the significance of introducing IPV. Training of AFP monitors should be strengthened so as to promote the smooth implementation of strategies.