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目的了解江门市区学校、酒店、家庭冰箱内表面微生物污染状况,为制定食源性疾病的预防控制策略提供科学依据。方法 2014年1月—2015年12月随机采集江门市区学校、酒店、家庭冰箱内表面标本,参考国家标准化方法对上述标本进行细菌总数、大肠菌群、沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌、副溶血性弧菌的检验。计数资料采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 2年共检测标本288份,总合格率为14.59%,冷藏室和冷冻室标本合格率依次为7.32%、24.20%。学校、家庭、酒店标本合格率依次为3.34%、47.50%、0。细菌总数的超标率为76.39%,大肠菌群的检出率为57.63%。共检出致病菌11株,10株为金黄色葡萄球菌,1株为单核细胞增生李斯特菌。结论江门市学校、酒店、家庭冰箱内表面微生物污染严重,主要为细菌总数超标和检出大肠菌群,存在金黄色葡萄球菌和单核细胞增生李斯特菌的污染,是引发食源性疾病的危险因素,因此,有必要制定学校、酒店、家庭冰箱内表面微生物污染监测﹑控制和评价策略,确保食品安全。
Objective To understand the microbial contamination of the inner surface of refrigerators in schools, hotels and families in Jiangmen city and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control strategies of foodborne diseases. Methods From January 2014 to December 2015, samples of the inner surface of refrigerators in schools, hotels and families in Jiangmen city were randomly collected. The total number of bacteria, coliform bacteria, Salmonella, Shigella, golden yellow grape Cocci, Listeria monocytogenes, Vibrio parahaemolyticus test. Count data using χ2 test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results A total of 288 specimens were detected in 2 years, with a total pass rate of 14.59%. The pass rates of refrigerated and frozen rooms were 7.32% and 24.20% respectively. The passing rates of schools, families and hotel samples were 3.34%, 47.50% and 0 respectively. The total number of bacteria exceeded the rate of 76.39%, the detection rate of coliform bacteria was 57.63%. A total of 11 pathogenic bacteria were detected, 10 were Staphylococcus aureus and 1 was Listeria monocytogenes. Conclusion The microbial contamination on the inner surface of refrigerators in schools, hotels and families in Jiangmen City is serious, mainly due to the total number of bacteria in the refrigerator and the detection of coliform bacteria, the presence of Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes, which is the cause of foodborne diseases Therefore, it is necessary to develop microbial contamination monitoring, control and evaluation strategies on the inner surface of refrigerators for schools, hotels and families to ensure food safety.