自有机车试验以来,就形成一种很深的观念:性能第一,经济性第二。尽管人们对经济性的重视程度与日俱增,但是直到蒸汽机车退出历史舞台时仍然把性能第一奉为真理。可是现在的情况完全不同了。内燃机车、电力机车和动车组的主要部件都可以在总装前单独的进行试验,而且即使是厂修后的机车、柴油机和发电机已经装到了车上,但在牵引电动机未接线之前,仍然可以进行定置试验。然而,尽管整车试验不仅从概念上而且从目的和性质上都起了变化,但是有些试验,如机车控制系统运用可靠性的考核却仍然要用到它;又如一些专题性问题——采用新传动装置 Since its own locomotive test has formed a very deep concept: performance first, the second economy. Despite the increasing emphasis on economy, the performance first remains the truth until the steam locomotive exits the stage of history. But now the situation is completely different. The main components of diesel locomotives, electric locomotives and EMUs can all be tested separately before final assembly, and even after the factory repaired locomotives, diesel engines and generators have been installed on the vehicle, they can still be towed before the traction motor is unplugged Set the test. However, although vehicle testing has not only changed both conceptually and purposely and qualitatively, some tests, such as the reliability assessment of a locomotive control system, still require it. Some thematic issues, such as New transmission