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水泵在运转中,由于用水量的变化、配电系统的故障等原因,常导致水泵不稳定运转,甚至突然停泵,管路内可能出现停泵水锤压力。水锤压力很高,具有极大的破坏性,甚至造成输水干管的爆裂。消除和防止它是水泵和输水管路合理设计及安全运转的重要问题。文中提出消除和防止泵与输水管的水锤压力的方法有三类。具体是在管路的适当点上设置一个缓冲空间,用来减缓水锤的冲击压力波,从而削弱它对管路的破坏力量;其次使高压水流在给定的位置有控制地释放出去以及在管路或其设备上采用适当的措施,破坏水锤发生的条件。本文较详细地论述了调压井、安全阀、水锤消除器、下井式水锤消除器、在管路内设置逆止回阀和应用爆破薄膜等防止水锤的方法。图3幅、参考文献3篇。
Pumps in operation, due to changes in water consumption, power distribution system failure and other reasons, often lead to unstable operation of the pump, or even stop the pump suddenly, the pump may appear to stop pumping pressure. Water hammer pressure is high, with great destructive, and even cause water pipe burst. Eliminating and preventing it is an important issue for the rational design and safe operation of water pumps and water pipelines. There are three ways to eliminate and prevent water hammer pressure in pump and water pipe. Specifically, a buffer space is set at a proper point of the pipeline to relieve the impact pressure wave of the water hammer to weaken its destructive force on the pipeline. Secondly, the high-pressure water flow is released in a controlled manner at a given position and at Use appropriate measures on the pipeline or on its equipment to undermine the conditions under which the water hammer will occur. This article discusses in more detail the ways to prevent water hammer such as surge tanks, safety valves, water hammer eliminators, downhole water hammer eliminators, setting back check valves in pipes and applying blasting membranes. Figure 3, reference 3.