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孙嘉淦(1683~1753),字锡公,山西兴县人。历仕康、雍、乾三朝,官终吏部尚书、协办大学士,以敢于犯颜直谏著称。《清史稿》卷三百三列传九十《孙嘉淦传》载有一段君臣对话:“大学士朱轼侍,徐对曰:‘嘉淦诚狂,然臣服其胆。’上(雍正)良久笑曰:‘朕亦且服其胆。’”雍正十三年(1735),乾隆皇帝初登大宝,时任都察院左都御史兼吏部侍郎的孙嘉淦便扎扎实实地给他上了一课,欲其“预除三习,永杜一弊”。所谓“三习”:“耳习于所闻,则喜谀而恶直”、“目习于所见,则喜柔而恶刚”、“心习于所是,则喜从而恶违”;“三习”既成,乃生“一弊”:“喜小人而厌君子”!孙嘉
Sun Jiakan (1683 ~ 1753), the word tin public, Xing County, Shanxi. Lishikang, Yong, dry three dynasties, officials and officials Shangshu book, co-bachelor, to dare to guilty of Yen straight remonstrance known. “History of the Qing Dynasty,” volume three hundred and three column 90 “Sun Jia Gan Chuan,” contains a section of Jun Chen dialogue: “Master Zhu Shi paternity, Xu said: ’Jia Gan crazy, then surrender its courage’ (Yongzheng) long Laughed and said: ’朕 also serve the courage.’ ”Yong Zheng thirteen years (1735), Qianlong emperor debut Dabao, when he was the government left the Censor and the official minister Sun Jia-ming, a solid and solid to him A lesson, for its “pre-divided three classes, Yong Du a harm.” The so-called “three Xi ”: “ear learning in the news, then hi 谀 and evil”, “Xi Xi in the see, then hi soft and evil”, Then hi from the evil “”; “” three learning “is completed, is the life ” a malice “: ”