腈的常用合成方法有氧化还原法、消除法、取代法和加成法。本文的两种方法均属消除法。第一种方法,用芳甲醛1与偏二甲基肼(UDMH)脱水生成芳甲醛肟2,再与碘甲烷加成生成碘化芳甲醛腙盐3,然后在亲核试剂作用下消除三甲胺得芳甲腈4。此法现简称为腙法。第二种方法简称为肟法,是由1与羟 Common nitrile synthesis methods are redox, elimination, substitution and addition methods. The two methods in this article are elimination method. In the first method, paraformaldehyde 1 is dehydrated with dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) to form a carbaldehyde oxime 2, which is then coupled with methyl iodide to form the iodated paraformaldehyde hydrazone salt 3, which is then quenched with a nucleophile Have aromatic carbonitrile 4. This method is now referred to as hydrazone method. The second method, referred to as the oxime method, consists of 1 and hydroxyl