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社会经济权利作为宪法基本权利体系的重要组成部分,在国际法和国内法中都是被充分肯定的一项公民基本权利。社会经济权利是指公民在社会生活和经济生活中享有的权利,通过公民要求国家给予一定物质利益的请求权来肯定公民身份的有效性,同时也是政府对公民承担绝对保障责任的受益权。社会经济权利的宪法学意义在于,面对社会整体发展失衡的现实困境,通过国家权力以积极介入的方式,帮助公民实现经济自由、平等地参与经济生活和有效的获取物质利益。从宪法学角度解读社会经济权利,有助于促进实现“以人为本”的政治文明,也促使国家权力从传统的无为政府转向有为政府的定位。
As an important part of constitutional basic rights system, socio-economic rights are fully affirmed as a basic civil rights in both international and domestic law. Socio-economic rights refer to citizens’ rights in social life and economic life. They affirm the validity of citizenship through the right of citizens to request certain material benefits from the state, and at the same time, they are the beneficiaries of the government’s absolute guarantee responsibility over citizens. The constitutional significance of socioeconomic rights lies in the fact that in the face of the real predicament of unbalanced social development as a whole, state power is used to help the citizens realize economic freedom, equal participation in economic life and effective material gains through active intervention. Interpreting socioeconomic rights from a constitutional perspective helps to promote a “people-oriented” political civilization as well as a shift of state power from a traditional inaction to a government-oriented one.