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对证人的有效询问是法庭证据调查的重要环节。刑事诉讼法虽初步建立了由控辩双方通过举证、质证推动庭审调查的证据调查方式,但在立法与司法实况中仍缺乏交叉询问的基本制度框架,因此我国刑事庭审中的证人询问模式尚不足以定位为交叉询问。德国的“轮替询问”和日本的“交互询问”两种证人询问范式之兼容与龃龉,反映了对交叉询问规则进行法律移植在诉讼理念与制度文化层面的障碍。中国式证人询问方式的构建必须在承认多询问主体人证调查结构存在的基础上,合理界分证人类型,并设置与之相对应的法庭询问程序。
Effective interrogation of witnesses is an important part of forensic evidence investigation. Although the Criminal Procedure Law has initially established evidence investigation ways that prosecutors and defense parties promote evidence-based investigation through evidence and evidence, the basic system framework of cross-examination is still lacking in the actual situation of legislation and judicature. Therefore, the mode of witness inquiry in criminal trial in our country is not enough To position for cross-questioning. The compatibility and obscurity of the two types of witness inquiry paradigms in Germany and Rotary Questioning in Japan reflect the barrier of legal transplanting of cross-questioning rules on litigation concepts and institutional culture. The construction of the Chinese-style witness inquiry method must, on the basis of admitting the existence of the multi-questioning witness survey, rationally divide the type of witnesses and set up the corresponding court inquiry procedure.