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芸豆是一种经济价值颇高的杂粮作物,忌连作,但是由于目前我国可耕地面积日益减少,适宜芸豆种植的土地也不断减少,芸豆连作现象较为普遍,因此,研究芸豆连作对土壤环境的影响势在必行。本试验以小黑芸豆为供试材料,以轮作为对照,研究芸豆连作对耕层土壤养分含量和土壤酶活性变化,结果表明:连作抑制了0～20 cm耕层过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、多酚氧化酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶的活性,降低了土壤有机质、氮、磷含量和有效性,并降低了土壤pH值,且土壤酶活性和土壤养分含量存在显著相关性(P<0.01);连作对土壤过氧化氢酶、多酚氧化酶活性影响主要在开花期,对其他酶活性的影响在开花至结荚期。由于连作导致芸豆籽粒产量较轮作降低了29.4%,因此,芸豆生产上应尽量避免连作,进行轮作倒茬,以实现高产优质。
Kidney bean is a high economic value of coarse grain crops, avoid continuous cropping, but due to the current decline of arable land in China, suitable land for planting kidney beans are also declining, kidney beans continuous cropping phenomenon is more common, therefore, the study of kidney bean continuous cropping on the soil environment Imperative. In this experiment, the black kidney beans as the test material, the round as a control, the study of kidney bean continuous cropping soil nutrient content and soil enzyme activity changes, the results showed that: continuous cropping inhibited 0-20 cm of catalase, alkaline Phosphatase, polyphenol oxidase, urease and invertase activity, decreased the content and availability of soil organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus, decreased soil pH value, and there was a significant correlation between soil enzyme activity and soil nutrient content (P < 0.01). The effects of continuous cropping on the activity of catalase and polyphenol oxidase in soil were mainly in the flowering stage and the activities of other enzymes varied from flowering to podding. As a result of continuous cropping kidney bean yield decreased by 29.4% compared with the rotation, therefore, kidney beans production should try to avoid continuous cropping, crop rotation, in order to achieve high yield and quality.