在广泛收集我国薏苡（ＣｅｒｘＬ．）种质资源，进行田间栽培，杂交试验和细胞学观察的基础上，讨论薏苡属植物的遗传多样性、地理分布及种类划分，在原１种２变种的分类基础上，把我国的薏苡属植物划分为３种４变种。根据这些种类的１８个栽培及野生类型的染色体核型演化散点图并结合总苞性状，探讨了该属可能的系统演化关系。 Based on the extensive collection of CerxL. Germplasm resources, field cultivation, hybridization experiments and cytological observations, the genetic diversity, geographical distribution and species classification of Coix L. were discussed. Based on the classification basis of the original 1 species and 2 varieties, On the Chinese Mycelium is divided into three kinds of 4 varieties. Based on the karyotype evolution scatter plots of 18 cultivated and wild types of these species together with the involucre characteristics, the possible phylogenetic relationships of this genus were discussed.