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经典的光学天体测量技术观测得到的是地方铅垂线在恒星背景上的指向,它受重力场变化的影响,因而可用于垂线变化的测量和研究.这对天文学和地球科学的交叉研究领域具有特殊的意义,非甚长基线干涉测量(VLBI)、激光测距(SLR)等技术所能取代.经典光学的天体测量技术的最大缺陷是观测效率低、多数仪器的自动化程度低、需要的人力较多、有的目视观测的仪器还有观测者的误差,难以降低随机观测误差的影响.为此,我们利用CCD等相关新技术、新器件,研制成功了口镜为20 cm的数字化天顶望远镜样机(digital zenith telescope DZT-1).试观测表明,DZT-1做到高效率,每晚可观测上万个星次,这对抑制随机观测误差的影响,提高观测精度起到很明显的作用.同时DZT-1自动化程度高,甚至可通过遥控实现无人值守观测.同时因其小型化和易于移动,便于垂线偏差的流动测量,适于在地学领域及天文领域推广应用.
The classical optical celestial measurement technology observes the direction of the local plumb line on the stellar background, which is affected by the change of the gravitational field and thus can be used for the measurement and research of the plumb line variation. This field of interdisciplinary research in astronomy and earth science Is of special significance and can be replaced by VLBI and SLR etc. The biggest drawback of classical optical celestial measurement technology is the low efficiency of observation and the low degree of automation of most instruments. More human, some visual observation instrument also observer error, it is difficult to reduce the impact of random observation error.To this end, we use CCD and other related new technologies and new devices, the successful development of a mirror of 20 cm of digitization The digital zenith telescope prototype (digital zenith telescope DZT-1) .Test observations show that DZT-1 to do high efficiency, can be observed tens of thousands of stars per night, which inhibit the impact of random observations and improve the accuracy of the observations played a very Obvious effect.At the same time, DZT-1 has a high degree of automation and can even realize unmanned observation through remote control.At the same time, because of its miniaturization and easy movement, it is convenient for vertical deviation flow measurement, Field and astronomy application.