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在河西绿洲灌区,通过大田试验,研究了前茬小麦25cm高茬收割免耕(T0S1)、25cm高等量秸秆覆盖免耕(T0S2)、25cm高等量秸秆翻压(TS3)和低茬收割翻耕(TS0)对后茬小麦、玉米的单作和间作群体耗水量和棵间蒸发的影响,以期为通过优化小麦间作玉米的秸秆管理、提高水分利用率提供理论依据。结果表明,秸秆覆盖可降低作物群体的总棵间蒸发量,与未覆盖处理相比,秸秆覆盖小麦间作玉米的棵间总蒸发量降低了4.7%~8.9%,单作小麦棵间总蒸发量降低了4.8%~11.2%。间作群体的棵间蒸发主要发生在小麦收获前,约占总蒸发量的70%,秸秆覆盖处理在小麦收获前使棵间蒸发降低了5.2%~10.8%。间作中,小麦带棵间蒸发量较玉米带高16.6%~19.8%;秸秆覆盖处理与未覆盖处理相比较小麦带棵间蒸发量降低了5.4%~10.0%,玉米带棵间蒸发量降低了3.9%~6.1%。秸秆覆盖处理的E/ET相比于无覆盖处理小麦间作玉米群体降低了2.9%~5.2%,单作小麦群体降低了2.1%~9.0%,小麦秸秆覆盖可减少水分的无效损失,提高水分利用率。
In the Hexi Oasis irrigation area, field trials were conducted to study the effects of 25 cm high tillage and no tillage (T0S1), 25 cm higher tillage-no-tillage (T0S2), 25 cm higher TS3 and low-tillage tillage (TS0) on water consumption and intercropping of monocropping and intercropping of wheat and maize in late cropping period, in order to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing straw management and improving water use efficiency of wheat intercropping corn. The results showed that straw mulching reduced the total evapotranspiration of crop groups. Compared with uncoated mulching, the total intercropping of straw-mulched corn decreased by 4.7% -8.9% Reduced by 4.8% ~ 11.2%. The inter-crop evapotranspiration mainly occurred before the wheat harvest, accounting for about 70% of the total evaporation. The straw mulching treatment reduced the tree evaporation by 5.2% -10.8% before wheat harvest. The inter-crop evapotranspiration was 16.6% -19.8% higher than that of corn in the intercropping. Compared with the uncoated treatment, the evaporation of wheat in the straw mulching decreased by 5.4% -10.0% 3.9% ~ 6.1%. Compared with uncoated wheat intercropping maize, the E / ET of straw mulching reduced 2.9% -5.2% compared with uncoated wheat and 2.1% -9.0% of monocropping wheat. Wheat straw mulching could reduce the ineffective loss of water and increase water use rate.