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对于灾难过后的心理干预,首先要了解孤儿灾后心理创伤的严重程度。对创伤的干预包括提供相对稳定的暂时照顾者以及提供安全的环境等。长期安置最好能够采取家庭收养的方式,这涉及到对收养家庭、孤儿心理以及其他方面的评估和对收养后家庭,心理以及经济等方面的支持。同时,国家需要对与孤儿收养相关的科研和培训工作提供大力的支持,摸索出更适合我国国情的孤儿心理干预和安置的具体策略。
For psychological intervention after a disaster, we must first understand the severity of psychological trauma after orphans. Interventions for trauma include providing relatively stable temporary caregivers and providing a safe environment. Long-term placement is best served by family adoption, which involves the assessment of adoption families, orphans’ psychology and others, and family, psychological and economic support after adoption. At the same time, the state needs to provide strong support for scientific research and training related to adoption of orphans and explore specific strategies for orphan psychological intervention and resettlement that are more suitable for China’s national conditions.