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本研究的目的是比较Smith-Hazel指数法、期望指数选择法、单次淘汰法及单性状选择法在改进小麦产量、抽穗期和几个农艺性状方面的优缺点。供试材料为Giza158×Sonora64(Triticum aestivum L.)的F_3、F_4和F_5代。F_3群体内差异较显著,并且所有研究性状都获得了令人满意的基因型变。异系数。就基因型而言,产量与穗重、每穗粒数、每株穗数的相关性较高,与千粒重的相关居中,而与抽穗期、株高和穗长的相关偏低。两轮选择后的结果表明:改进产量最有效的方法是七性状的Smith-Hazel指数法(SH_7),其余依次为七性状的期望指数选择法(DG_7)、SH_5、单次淘汰法、DG_5、单株籽粒产量直接选择法。直接选择法是改进抽穗期、株高和穗长性状的最好方法,但却产生了其它一些不良相关效应。
The purpose of this study was to compare the strengths and weaknesses of the Smith-Hazel index method, the exponential selection method, the single elimination method and the single trait selection method in improving wheat yield, heading date and several agronomic traits. The tested materials were F_3, F_4 and F_5 generations of Giza158 × Sonora64 (Triticum aestivum L.). The differences in F_3 populations were significant, and all of the traits tested yielded satisfactory genotypic changes. Algebraic numbers. In terms of genotype, the correlation between yield and panicle weight, grain number per panicle, panicle number per panicle was high, the correlation with grain weight was middle, and the correlation with yield, plant height and panicle length was low. The results of the two rounds of selection showed that the most effective method to improve yield was Smith-Hazel Index (SH_7) with seven traits and the other followed by the seven trait index selection (DG_7), SH_5, single elimination, DG_5, Single grain yield direct selection method. The direct selection method is the best way to improve the heading date, plant height and ear length trait, but it has some other adverse correlation effects.