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目的分析献血人群乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染情况,并探讨献血人群血液接触行为的相关危险因素。方法以广州市番禺区中心血站2015年1月至12月期间的无偿献血者作为研究对象,对血液样品检测情况进行回顾性分析,以257例单纯HBs Ag阳性献血者作为病例组,并按照1∶2的比例选择所有血液检查结果均为阴性的514例献血者作为对照组,调查献血者的血液接触危险行为,采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析献血人群感染乙肝病毒的相关血液接触危险因素。结果26 523例无偿献血者血液样品中,单纯HBs Ag阳性257例,HBs Ag阳性率为0.97%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,2000年以前注射器使用史(OR=3.200)、乙肝家族史(OR=2.425)、共用剃须刀修眉刀等刀具史(OR=2.342)、口腔治疗史(OR=1.718)、针灸史(OR=1.567)是献血人群HBV感染的血液接触行为的独立危险因素。结论献血人群HBV感染的危险因素有2000年以前注射器使用史、乙肝家族史、共用剃须刀修眉刀等刀具史、口腔治疗史、针灸史,避免上述危险因素可以有效减少乙肝感染风险。
Objective To analyze the status of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in blood donors and to explore the related risk factors of blood contact in blood donors. Methods The blood samples from January to December 2015 from Panyu Central Blood Station of Guangzhou City were used as research objects. The blood samples were analyzed retrospectively. A total of 257 HBsAg positive donors were selected as case group. 1: 2 ratio of all the blood test results were negative 514 blood donors as a control group to investigate the risk of blood exposure of blood donors, multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze blood donors infected with hepatitis B virus associated risk factors for blood exposure. Results Among 26 523 blood samples from unpaid blood donors, 257 were positive for HBsAg alone, and the positive rate of HBsAg was 0.97%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the history of oral medicine (OR = 3.200), family history of hepatitis B (OR = 2.425), knife history with shaver eyebrow (OR = 2.342) 1.718). The history of acupuncture (OR = 1.567) was an independent risk factor for blood contact in HBV infected blood donors. Conclusion The risk factors of HBV infection in blood donors are the history of using syringes, the family history of hepatitis B, the history of the knife sharing the shaver, the history of oral treatment and the history of acupuncture 2000 years ago. Avoiding the above risk factors can effectively reduce the risk of hepatitis B infection.