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近些年,日本成为中国国际海外劳工的重要输入地。在中国赴日劳工移民中,已婚女性是重要组成部分。本研究采用个案访谈法,从性别视角入手,探究已婚女性赴日打工这一家庭策略的产生逻辑。研究指出,两种微观机制推动已婚女性赴日劳工移民的产生:已婚女性与男性相似的家庭再生产责任;已婚女性较男性的打工优势。前者使女性赴日打工更多是一种“整体主义”的家庭决策,其目的是获取稀缺经济资源,缓解预期生活压力;后者则体现在两个方面:首先,输入地与输出地的性别工资差异,促使女性较男性赴日打工的经济收益更大;其次,一些家庭事务对男性角色的特定依赖以及女性角色作用被家庭支持网络的消解,则使男性赴日打工的隐性成本高于女性。
In recent years, Japan has become an important entry point for China’s international overseas workers. Married women are an important part of China’s labor migration to Japan. This study uses a case-by-case interview to explore the logic of the family strategy of getting married women to work in Japan from a gender perspective. The study points out that two kinds of micro-mechanisms promote the generation of married immigrants to Japan: married family reproductive responsibilities similar to those of men; married women have more job advantages than men. The former makes women go to work in Japan is more a kind of “holism ” family decision-making, its purpose is to obtain scarce economic resources to ease the pressure of life expectancy; the latter is reflected in two aspects: First, the input and output Of the gender wage gap, prompting women to work more than men to Japan to work more economic benefits; Second, some of the specific dependence of family affairs on male roles and female role role in the family support network to eliminate, so that men working in Japan to implicit costs Higher than women.