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在将要使用几十年的一种武器系统进行初步设计期间,有一件十分重要的事,就是要弄清楚需要付出多少成本和以什么为基础来对各种设计方案的现在成本和未来成本进行比较。本文描述了适用于成本研究的经济上合理的几种方法,其中包括一种处理通货膨胀的精确方法。在讨论这些方法时,本文采用航天实验室的电子设备为实例。“相对成本设计”(或“按成本进行设计”)的历史可追溯到第一次世界大战,那时专用的军事产品是按照管理部门确定的价格来采购的。本文通过不受方案比较研究影响的固定的规范参数和随合同确定的敏感性系数而变化的可变系数来预测发展趋势。本文还预测了把“相对成本设计”纳入研制合同对政府和工业界未来的影响。
During the initial design of a weapons system that will be used for decades, it is very important to find out how much it costs and what basis to compare the current and future costs of various design options. . This article describes several economically sound methods for cost research, including an accurate method of dealing with inflation. In discussing these methods, this article uses the space laboratory’s electronic equipment as an example. The history of “relative cost design” (or “design by cost”) can be traced back to World War I, when dedicated military products were purchased at a price determined by the regulatory authority. In this paper, the development trend is forecasted by the variable coefficients that are not affected by the fixed normative parameters affected by the comparative study of the plan and the coefficient of sensitivity determined with the contract. This article also predicts that the inclusion of “relative cost design” in the development contract will have an impact on the future of government and industry.