Sekeres et al.(1) conducted a multicenter randomized,controlled trial to compare whether azacitidine-based combinations with lenalidomide or vorinostat produce superior overall response rates to azacitidine in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).In that trial,224 patients with higher-risk MDS and 53 with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) were enrolled and randomly assigned to the azacitidine group,azacitidine plus lenalidomide group or azacitidine plus vorinostat group.The researchers found that patients with MDS treated with azacitidine-based combinations had similar response rate to azacitidine monotherapy.