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过去十年中,奥地利及其它国家隧道施工方面的经验证明,新奥地利隧道施工法(简称新奥法一译注)在各方面,特别是在不稳定岩体中施工时,其优越性均超过其它方法。新奥法的基本原理是:在隧道开挖后,仔细地控制因形成空洞后在围岩中出现的应力重新分布过程中的力,最大限度地利用岩体本身的自撑能力,选择支护结构与其相适应。通常有两种支护方法。1.是柔性外层拱或防护性支护,陡洞体相应地保持稳定,它包括一个系统锚固的岩石拱,大多采用喷射混凝土的防护层,有时还采用附加钢筋加固及用底拱封闭。在应力重新分布的过程中,通过完善的量测系
During the past ten years, experience in tunnel construction in Austria and other countries has proven that the New Austrian tunnel construction method (abbreviated as the New Austrian law) has superiority over other aspects in construction, especially in unstable rock masses. method. The basic principle of the new Austrian law is: after excavating the tunnel, carefully control the force during redistribution of stress in the surrounding rock after the formation of voids, make maximum use of the self-sustaining ability of the rock body, and choose support. The structure adapts to it. There are usually two methods of support. 1. It is a flexible outer arch or protective support. The steep cave body is correspondingly stable. It includes a system of rock arches that are anchored. Most of them use a protective layer of shotcrete, sometimes reinforced with additional steel reinforcement and closed with a bottom arch. In the process of stress redistribution, through the perfect measurement system