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我国早于1979年开始建设“第二代”深井地下水观测网以来,就已注意到观测动水位(实质是流量)的前兆变化较之静水位更为明显,并强调对地震“敏感点”的观测研究。本文介绍的河北省河间县马17号井就是这类映震“敏感点”的典型实例。该井自1981年投入观测以来,其动水位变化对周围发生的10余次5级以上地震前都有明显的前兆反映,尤其是1985年11月30日邢台任县5.3级地震前据此作出了较好的短临预报。实践表明,马17号井是反映区域应力场的“敏感点”。深入探讨其映震敏感的机理,寻找并监视多个敏感点的动水位、水氡、水溶气体及深部离子成份的变化动态,可能不失为突破中强地震预报难点的一条有效途径。
Since the establishment of the “second generation” deep-well groundwater observation network in 1979, China has noticed that the precursory changes of the observed water level (in essence, the flow rate) are more obvious than that of the still water level and emphasize the “sensitive point” of the earthquake Observational research. This article describes the Ma 17th well in Hejian County, Hebei Province, which is a typical example of such “sensitive spots”. Since the well was put into observation in 1981, the well water level change has obvious precursory reflection to more than 10 surrounding earthquakes above M5.0, especially since before the M 5.3 M 5.3 counties in Xingtai on November 30, 1985 A better short-term forecast. Practice shows that horse No. 17 well is a “sensitive point” reflecting the regional stress field. It is an effective way to explore the sensitive mechanism of the earthquake, find out and monitor the dynamic changes of water level, water radon, dissolved gas and deep ion in a number of sensitive sites.