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目的观察强化健康教育在慢性肾衰竭患者血液透析中的应用效果。方法选择2013年1月—2016年5月收治的慢性肾衰竭血液透析治疗的患者240例,随机分为干预组与对照组,每组120例。两组均接受血液透析治疗,干预组在治疗过程中给予强化健康教育。干预6个月检测两组的β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、尿素氮(BUN)、磷(P),对比两组血液透析的效果;血液透析前后采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton depression scale,HAMD)评分对两组抑郁程度进行评估;对比两组患者舒适度、护理满意度及并发症发生率。计量资料比较采用t检验,计数资料比较采用χ~2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果干预6个月两组β_2-MG、CRP、BUN、P水平[干预组(2.90±0.27)mmol/L、(9.86±3.02)mg/L、(22.06±6.30)、(1.65±0.47)mmol/L,对照组(4.35±1.91)mmol/L、(15.06±4.90)mg/L、(25.91±5.52)、(2.28±0.60)mmol/L]比较差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。与干预前比较,干预后两组HAMD评分[干预组(6.65±2.90)分,对照组(11.03±3.71)分]均降低(均P<0.05),干预组降低更明显(P<0.05)。两组舒适度、护理满意度及并发症发生率(干预组91.67%、97.50%、10.00%,对照组70.83%、79.17%、19.17%)比较差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论强化健康教育可优化慢性肾衰竭患者血液透析效果,减轻其抑郁状态,提高患者满意度。
Objective To observe the application of intensive health education in hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure. Methods From January 2013 to May 2016, 240 patients with chronic renal failure treated by hemodialysis were randomly divided into intervention group and control group with 120 cases in each group. Both groups received hemodialysis treatment, and the intervention group gave intensive health education during the treatment. The levels of β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), C-reactive protein (CRP), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and phosphorus (P) in the two groups were measured at 6 months after intervention to compare the effects of hemodialysis on the two groups. Before and after hemodialysis, Depression Scale (Hamilton Depression Scale, HAMD) score to assess the degree of depression in both groups; comfort, nursing satisfaction and complication rates were compared between the two groups. Measurement data were compared using t test, count data were compared using χ ~ 2 test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results The levels of β_2-MG, CRP, BUN and P in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the intervention group (2.90 ± 0.27 mmol / L, 9.86 ± 3.02 mg / L, / L, (4.35 ± 1.91) mmol / L, (15.06 ± 4.90) mg / L, (25.91 ± 5.52) and (2.28 ± 0.60) mmol / L, respectively] . Compared with pre-intervention, HAMD scores of intervention group (6.65 ± 2.90) and control group (11.03 ± 3.71) both decreased (all P <0.05), but decreased more significantly in intervention group (P <0.05). There was significant difference between the two groups in comfort, nursing satisfaction and complication (91.67%, 97.50%, 10.00% in the intervention group, 70.83%, 79.17%, 19.17% in the control group) (all P <0.05). Conclusion Intensified health education can optimize the hemodialysis effect, alleviate the depression status and improve patient satisfaction in patients with chronic renal failure.