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为掌握中国油菜品种的黑胫病抗性水平,为抗病育种及品种合理布局提供理论依据。在室内采用子叶穿刺接种法,对35个油菜品种开展了黑胫病的抗性评价及抗病基因推导研究。供试品种中没有发现对病原菌Leptosphaeria maculans和Leptosphaeria biglobosa表现高抗或免疫的品种,只有3个品种可以兼抗Leptosphaeria maculans和Leptosphaeria biglobosa,但均表现低抗。供试的35个品种对12个菌株共产生了17种反应型,其中12个品种的反应型与鉴别寄主的完全相同,18个品种的反应型与鉴别寄主的非常相近,5个品种的反应型不同于任何鉴别寄主。抗病基因推导,已知的12个黑胫病抗性基因Rlm1~9,Lep R1~3多数以基因组合的形式分布在我国的30个品种中,这些主栽品种可能含有已知的或新的抗病基因。说明现有的油菜种质资源中可能蕴藏着对改良黑胫病抗性具有潜在应用价值的基因资源。
In order to grasp the resistance level of black shank in China’s rapeseed varieties, it provides a theoretical basis for disease-resistant breeding and the rational distribution of varieties. In this study, the cotyledon puncture inoculation method was used to evaluate the resistance of blackleg to 35 rape cultivars and to deduce the resistance gene. Only three cultivars of Leptosphaeria maculans and Leptosphaeria biglobosa were resistant to Leptosphaeria maculans and Leptosphaeria biglobosa and no anti-Leptosphaeria maculans and Leptosphaeria biglobosa were found in the tested varieties. The 35 tested cultivars produced 17 kinds of responses to 12 strains, of which 12 cultivars had the same reaction type and the same host identity. The response types of 18 cultivars were very similar to that of the identification host, and the responses of 5 cultivars Different from any identifying host. According to the deduced resistance gene, the known 12 blackleg gene Rlm1 ~ 9 and Lep R1 ~ 3 are mostly distributed in 30 varieties in our country. These main cultivars may contain known or new Disease resistance genes. This indicates that the existing rapeseed germplasm resources may contain potential genetic resources for improving the resistance of blackleg disease.