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目的识别、分析和评价某家具制造企业职业病危害因素,为职业病防护提供依据。方法采用职业卫生现场调查法、职业卫生检测法、职业健康检查法和定量分级法。结果该企业在生产过程中产生或存在的主要职业病危害因素为木粉尘、聚氯乙烯粉尘、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯、总挥发性有机物和噪声。现场检测结果显示,打磨工位木粉尘最高时间加权平均浓度达到4.5 mg/m~3,超过职业接触限值;裁切等7个工位噪声超过85 d B(A)。职业健康体检37人中检出高频听力损失或/和语频听力损失4人,限制性肺通气功能障碍1人。结论该企业生产过程中的主要职业病危害因素为粉尘、苯及苯系物、噪声;该企业在职业病防护措施、职业卫生管理方面需要改善。
Objective To identify, analyze and evaluate occupational hazards in a furniture manufacturing enterprise and provide basis for occupational disease protection. Methods Occupational health field survey, occupational health examination, occupational health examination and quantitative grading method were used. Results The main risk factors of occupational diseases in the production process were wood dust, polyvinyl chloride dust, benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, total volatile organic compounds and noise. The result of on-site test showed that the highest weighted average concentration of wood dust in grinding station reached 4.5 mg / m 3, exceeding the occupational exposure limit; noise of 7 stations such as cutting exceeded 85 d B (A). Occupational health examination of 37 people were found in high-frequency hearing loss or / and audio frequency hearing loss of 4 people, restrictive pulmonary ventilation dysfunction 1 person. Conclusion The main occupational hazards in the production process of the enterprise are dust, benzene and benzene series, and noise; the enterprise needs improvement in occupational disease prevention measures and occupational health management.