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目的了解北京市18~65岁居民血脂异常的知晓率、治疗率和控制率以及知晓率的相关影响因素,为血脂异常防治工作提供科学依据。方法于2014年9月-11月采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法,抽取18 809名北京市18~65岁常住居民进行问卷调查、体格检查及实验室检测。用SPSS 19.0统计软件进行χ~2检验、趋势χ~2检验,知晓率的影响因素分析采用多因素logistic回归分析。结果 18 809名调查者中共有8 041例血脂异常患者,血脂异常的患病率为42.8%,血脂异常的知晓率为19.3%,其中男性为16.4%,女性为23.5%;血脂异常的治疗率为6.3%,其中男性为4.9%,女性为8.2%;血脂异常的控制率为8.0%,其中男性为5.3%,女性为12.0%。在知晓血脂异常的调查对象中,血脂异常的治疗率为32.4%,血脂异常的控制率为41.6%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、女性(OR=2.365,95%CI:2.009~2.783)、文化程度、以前吸现在不吸烟者(OR=1.618,95%CI:1.217~2.150)、从不饮酒者(OR=0.547,95%CI:0.432~0.693)、肥胖(OR=1.493,95%CI:1.262~1.765)、高血压患病(OR=1.721,95%CI:1.513~1.957)和糖尿病患病(OR=1.845,95%CI:1.576~2.160)是血脂异常知晓率的影响因素。结论应结合血脂异常知晓率的相关影响因素,开展有针对性的健康教育和行为干预,通过有效提高血脂异常的知晓率进而提升治疗率和控制率。
Objective To understand the related factors of awareness, rate of treatment, control rate and awareness rate of dyslipidemia in residents aged 18-65 years in Beijing, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia. Methods From September to November 2014, a multistage stratified stratified random cluster sampling method was used to collect 18,809 residents from 18 to 65 years old in Beijing for questionnaire, physical examination and laboratory tests. SPSS 19.0 statistical software for χ ~ 2 test, trend χ ~ 2 test, awareness rate of influencing factors using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results There were 8 041 cases of dyslipidemia among 18 809 investigators, the prevalence of dyslipidemia was 42.8%, the awareness of dyslipidemia was 19.3%, of which 16.4% were male and 23.5% were female; the treatment rate of dyslipidemia Was 6.3%, of which 4.9% for males and 8.2% for females. The rate of dyslipidemia was 8.0%, of which males were 5.3% and females 12.0%. Among the subjects who were aware of dyslipidemia, the treatment rate of dyslipidemia was 32.4% and the rate of dyslipidemia control was 41.6%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, female (OR = 2.365, 95% CI: 2.009-2.783), education level, previously non-smoker (OR = 1.618, 95% CI: 1.217-2.150) (OR = 1.493, 95% CI: 1.262-1.765), hypertension (OR = 1.721, 95% CI: 1.513-1.9577) and diabetes mellitus (OR = 0.547,95% CI: 0.432-0.693) Prevalence (OR = 1.845, 95% CI: 1.576 ~ 2.160) was the influential factor for the rate of awareness of dyslipidemia. Conclusions Based on the related factors of awareness rate of dyslipidemia, targeted health education and behavioral intervention should be carried out to improve the treatment rate and control rate by effectively raising the awareness rate of dyslipidemia.