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外周循环血胆汁酸浓度在一天中不断波动,其浓度的高低在任何时间都取决于输送至肝脏的胆汁酸的负荷及肝脏从血液中摄取胆汁酸的能力之间的平衡,而这种平衡又与下列因素有关,即餐后胆囊的收缩、肠道吸收胆汁酸的能力,流入肝脏的血量,以及胆汁酸和胆固醇的合成速度.在肝脏疾病时,由于摄取、结合和排泄胆汁酸发生障碍,所以肝脏消除胆汁酸的速度减慢.正常肝脏摄取和排泄胆汁酸的能力超过由肠道吸收进入门脉循环的负荷,因此,体循环胆汁酸水平低,且只在较小的范围内波动.
Peripheral blood bile acid concentrations fluctuate throughout the day at any time depending on the balance between the load of bile acid delivered to the liver and the liver’s ability to take bile acids from the blood, Related to factors such as the postprandial gallbladder contraction, the ability of the gut to absorb bile acids, the amount of blood that flows into the liver, and the rate of bile acid and cholesterol synthesis. In liver disease, barriers to uptake and binding of bile acids occur , The rate at which the liver eliminates bile acids slows down.The normal liver has the ability to uptake and excretion of bile acids more than the load absorbed into the portal circulation by the intestine and as a result the circulating circulating bile acids are low and only fluctuate within a relatively small range.