死刑制度是一项最古老的也最严厉的刑罚制度,从欧洲的中世纪一直沿用到今天。十八世纪,资产阶级革命过程中,一些资产阶级思想家提出了刑罚要人道的主张,也是从那时起,人们开始对死刑存在的合理性提出质疑。近年来,随着人们对于“人权”热情的不断高涨,死刑的存废问题一直引发着人们的热议,在这种情况下,各国都针对自己的国情和社会发展状况提出了对待死刑的不同策略,本文在对各国死刑制度做简单介绍的同时,深入的分析了当代各国适用死刑的情况,最后向我们展示了各国在死刑制度上的新的动向。 The death penalty system is one of the oldest and harshest punishments and has been used today from the Middle Ages in Europe. In the eighteenth century, during the bourgeois revolution, some bourgeois thinkers proposed that the penalty should be humane, and from then on, people began to question the rationality of the death penalty. In recent years, as people’s enthusiasm for “human rights ” has been on the rise, the issue of the death penalty has been sparked by people. Under such circumstances, all countries have put forward the treatment of the death penalty for their own national conditions and social development. In this paper, while briefly introducing the death penalty system in various countries, this paper analyzes in depth the situation of the application of the death penalty in various countries in the world and finally shows us the new trend of the death penalty system in various countries.