论文部分内容阅读
在代国,国有经济在国民经济中的地位一直举足轻重。但长期以来,国有企业的后力不足又似乎成了一个“老大难”问题。党的十四届三中会关于建立现代企业制度改造的规定,为国有企业的改革提供了新的思路。笔者认为,要顺利进行国有企业改革,必须选择正确的理论依据,为此须探讨如下几个理论问题。 一、国有经济能否适应市场经济发展? 现代企业制度是市场经济的微观基础。国有企业可以建立现代企业制度,但它首先必须适应市场经济的发展,否则就失去了改革的意义。 国有经济是否适应市场经济的发展? 要弄清这个问题,一要明确市场经济的基本要求,二要探讨国有经济的基本原则能否满足这些基本要求,以及怎样改革才能更好地适应。 市场经济作为一种有效的经济运行方式,它的运转必须以下列几个必备条件作为前提:（1）经济主体独立化、多元化和竞争规律起作用;（2）产品、要素及所有权的高度商品化和价值规律起作用;（3）国家经济职能的宏观调控作用和国家在参与经济活动时对市场原则的遵循。 第一个条件指出经济主体独立化、多元化。这首先要求所有权必须具有经济属性。不能有超经济性质,因为所有权一旦与政治权、行政权等溶为一体,就很容易成为其他权力的附庸而使主体不能独立:其次要求所有权的财产权利经济
In replacing the country, the status of the state-owned economy in the national economy has always played a decisive role. However, for a long time, the lack of back-end power of state-owned enterprises seems to have become a problem of “progression”. The provisions of the 14th Central Committee of the 14th CPC Central Committee on the establishment of modern enterprise system reforms have provided new ideas for the reform of state-owned enterprises. The author believes that in order to smoothly carry out the reform of state-owned enterprises, we must choose the correct theoretical basis. To do this, we must discuss the following theoretical issues. I. Can the state-owned economy adapt to the development of the market economy? The modern enterprise system is the micro-foundation of the market economy. State-owned enterprises can establish a modern enterprise system, but it must first adapt to the development of the market economy, otherwise it loses the significance of reform. Whether the state-owned economy adapts to the development of the market economy? To clarify this issue, we must first clarify the basic requirements of the market economy, and secondly, we must discuss whether the basic principles of the state-owned economy can meet these basic requirements and how to adapt it in order to better adapt. As an effective mode of economic operation, the market economy must be based on the following prerequisites: (1) The independence, diversification, and competition of the economic entities play a role; (2) Products, elements, and ownership High degree of commercialization and laws of value play a role; (3) The macro-regulatory role of national economic functions and the country’s adherence to market principles when participating in economic activities. The first condition points out that economic entities are independent and diversified. This first requires that ownership must have economic attributes. It cannot be super-economic in nature. Once ownership is dissolved with political power and administrative power, it can easily become an affiliation of other powers and make the subject unable to be independent: Secondly, property rights economics of ownership are required.