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目的确定吉林省近年流行的麻疹病毒基因型,分析麻疹野病毒分离的影响因素,为防控措施的制定及做好麻疹病原学检测提供参考依据。方法利用Vero/Slam细胞对114份麻疹咽喉拭子标本进行麻疹病毒分离,用逆转录-聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性分析方法扩增麻疹病毒核酸并进行基因型鉴定;统计分析不同采样时间、不同咽试子保存液对麻疹病毒分离的影响。结果114份麻疹咽喉拭子标本中分离到麻疹病毒31株,经鉴定均为H1基因型,出疹2 d内的标本分离率较高,为38.09%。2%DMEM维持液作为咽拭子保存液的病毒分离成功率为30.69%。0.9%生理盐水作为保存液的病毒分离率为0。结论H1基因型麻疹病毒为吉林省近年流行的主要优势基因型,麻疹病毒的成功分离取决于采样时间、好的标本质量以及正确标本保存液。
Objective To determine the genotypes of measles virus prevalent in Jilin Province in recent years and analyze the influencing factors of the isolation of measles wild virus so as to provide reference for the development of prevention and control measures and the detection of measles etiology. Methods The measles virus was isolated from 114 measles throat swabs using Vero / Slam cells. The measles virus was amplified by reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR - RFLP) and genotyped. Different sampling time, different pharyngeal testis preservation solution on the impact of measles virus isolation. Results A total of 31 strains of measles virus isolated from 114 measles throat swab specimens were identified as H1 genotype. The rate of specimen isolation within 2 days after rash was 38.09%. The success rate of virus isolation from 2% DMEM maintenance solution as throat swab preservation solution was 30.69%. 0.9% saline as the preservation solution virus isolation rate of 0. Conclusion The H1 genotype is the predominant genotype prevailing in Jilin Province in recent years. The successful isolation of measles virus depends on the sampling time, the quality of specimens and the preservation of the correct specimen.