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目的探讨冻干保存对日本血吸虫病患者血清抗体检测的影响。方法将30份慢性日本血吸虫患者血清平均分为2份,其中1份冷冻干燥抽干为粉末,使用前用0.9%的生理盐水复溶到干燥前的体积,另1份无需处理,直接保存备用。用间接血凝法(indirect hemagglutination assay,IHA)、酶联免疫吸附实验(enzyme linked immunosorbent assays,EI~SA)、胶体染料试纸条法(dipstick dye immunoassay,DDIA)3种方法检测冻干复溶组和未处理组血清中日本血吸虫特异抗体,比较分析冻干复溶组与未处理组及3种检测方法阳性率的差异。结果未处理组血清经过IHA、EI,ISA和DDIA法检测,阳性率均为100%。冻干复溶组血清经3种方法检测,ELISA法阳性率最高100%(30/30),其次为胶体染料法83.3%(25/30)和IHA法80.0%(24/30)。经统计学分析,未处理组及处理组血吸虫病患者血清抗体阳性检出率不存在统计学意义差异,3种免疫学方法检测未处理组及处理组血清抗体阳性率也不存在统计学意义差异。结论冻干复溶对日本血吸虫患者血清抗体检测影响较小,冷冻干燥保存方法或可成为日本血吸虫患者血清长期保存的有效方法之一。
Objective To investigate the effect of lyophilization on the detection of serum antibodies in schistosomiasis japonica patients. Methods Seventy patients with chronic Schistosoma japonicum serum were divided into two groups, of which one was lyophilized to powder, reconstituted with 0.9% saline before drying to the volume before drying, and the other one was stored without treatment . Indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (EI-SA) and dipstick dye immunoassay (DDIA) Group and untreated group of serum Schistosoma japonicum specific antibodies were compared between lyophilized and untreated group and the three positive detection rate of the difference. Results The serum of untreated group was detected by IHA, EI, ISA and DDIA, the positive rate was 100%. The serum of the freeze-dried reconstituted group was detected by three methods. The highest positive rate of ELISA was 100% (30/30), followed by colloidal dye 83.3% (25/30) and IHA 80.0% (24/30). The statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the positive rate of serum antibody between the untreated group and the untreated group and the untreated group and the untreated group and the untreated group and the treated group. There was also no significant difference in the positive rate of the serum antibody between the untreated group and the untreated group . Conclusion The freeze-dried reconstituted has little effect on the detection of serum antibody in Schistosoma japonicum. Freeze-drying and preservation methods may be one of the effective methods for the long-term preservation of serum in patients with Schistosoma japonicum.