论文部分内容阅读
在清季正式筹办的地方自治中,城厢地方自治开始得最早,也完成得最好,而且不少城厢自治团体已经成立并开始运行,并有效地处理公益事宜。城厢地方自治包括城厢自治筹办、城厢自治团体的运作等两个方面。为保证城厢自治团体正常和有效运行,除遵循《城镇乡地方自治章程》的有关规定外,首先是制定自治团体运行的系列规则,解决自治运行的保障条件等问题。城厢自治团体正常和有效的运行,与自治权与行政权或者是自治团体与官府关系密切。清季城厢地方自治虽然存在不少缺陷,如一些官员在筹办地方自治中应付了事、城厢自治团体的代议性严重不足、一些自治团体职员不纯、居民反受城厢自治团体之害等,但是城厢自治团体在诸如建立自律规则、积极谋求公益并推进民治等方面,也发挥了一定的积极作用,且对完善当代中国的基层自治有重要启示。
Local autonomy in Chengxiang started earliest and completed the best in local autonomy, which was formally organized during the Qing Dynasty. And many Citizens’ Autonomous Communities have been set up and started operation, and public welfare matters have been dealt with effectively. Chengxiang local autonomy includes Chengxiang autonomous planning, the operation of Chengxiang Autonomous body and so on two aspects. In order to ensure the normal and effective operation of Chengguan Autonomous Community, in addition to following the relevant provisions of the “Constitution of Local Autonomous Towns and Townships”, the first is to formulate a series of rules governing the operation of autonomous communities and to solve the problems of security conditions for autonomous operation. The normal and effective operation of Chengguan Autonomous Community is closely related to the rights of autonomy and administration or the autonomy community and government. Although there are many defects in the self-government of Chengxiang City in the Qing Dynasty, such as some officials having dealt with the issue of preparing for local autonomy, the serious lack of representativeness of Chengxiang Autonomous Community, the impureness of some self-governing bodies and the residents’ harming of Chengguan Autonomous Community, However, Chengxiang Autonomous Community also played a certain active role in establishing rules of self-discipline, actively seeking commonweal and promoting the people’s livelihood, and it also has important enlightenment on perfecting contemporary grass-roots autonomy in China.